An article today from Reuters brings news that Wal-Mart is looking to expand its presence in Southeast Asia. Wal-Mart has come to rely more and more on its international stores for sales growth, and expanding into Southeast Asia is only one part of the company’s international expansion plan. From Reuters via the International Herald Tribune:

Wal-Mart Stores, the world’s biggest retailer, is considering its first stores in Southeast Asia and expects to approach 10 percent growth in international sales to $100 billion this fiscal year despite a global economic slowdown.

This is not, however, Wal-Mart’s first venture in Southeast Asia. The company’s first effort in the region was a partnership with Indonesia’s powerful Lippo Group. In 1995, Wal-Mart and Lippo worked together to open stores in Jakarta. As the New York Times reported:

The 180,000-square-foot Wal-Mart Supercenter, planned for Lippo Village, a Jakarta mall owned by the Lippo Group, will be the first in Indonesia. Wal-Mart, which is based here, said it would provide expertise and management services for the store, which Lippo will own. By the time the store opens, Wal-Mart will have stores in Indonesia, Hong Kong and China, company officials said.

The partnership failed. Less than three years later, after opening two stores in Jakarta, Wal-Mart announced that it was abandoning the project. From BusinessWeek:

Wal-Mart Stores Inc. confirmed on Wednesday, Feb. 25, that it’s trying to end a franchise agreement with a unit of Indonesia’s powerful Lippo Group. The partners operate two stores in Jakarta under the Wal-Mart banner. About 13 U.S. expatriates, who supported the store operations, have left Indonesia, a Wal-Mart spokesman says.

Even before the Lippo debacle, Wal-Mart partnered with Thai company Charown Pokphand Group. That partnership was also a failure, and ended after less than a year. Will Wal-Mart’s most recent efforts to build in Southeast Asia prove different than its previous attempts?

Wal-Mart sees potential growth in Southeast Asia [Reuters via International Herald Tribune]

Today, the Financial Times reported that Wal-Mart is expanding its overseas expansion. Well color me surprised! Currently, international sales constitute 26% of the company’s net sales and this is while Wal-Mart is lowering its capital expenditures. In layman’s terms, this means that they’re slowing growth- or rather, they are being forced to by the market. So in order to sustain the company, Wal-Mart is looking to conquer new markets abroad. Thankfully, Asia and Eastern Europe are still up for grabs! 

Wal-Mart readies for overseas expansion

Wal-Mart, the world’s largest retailer, is embarking on a further round of international expansion on the back of a systematic overhaul of the way it runs its business, which is expected to deliver more than $100bn in sales this year.

The retailer is actively exploring a first move into Russia and neighbouring countries, while preparing to open its first wholesale warehouse stores in India next year in a joint venture with Bharti Enterprises.

Wal-Mart already has operations in 13 countries, which accounted for 26 per cent of its net sales last year.

Wal-Mart’s international square footage growth rate is now above that in the US, where it has now slowed the expansion of its profitable Supercenter format in the face of market saturation.

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This is the third in a series of posts on Wal-Mart’s 2008 shareholder resolutions. The full list of resolutions - and Wal-Mart’s statements regarding them - can be found in the company’s 2008 proxy here (PDF).

Resolution #7 on this year’s proxy proposes the establishment of a human rights committee at Wal-Mart. Below, the details of the proposition, why Wal-Mart’s shareholders would benefit and how the company has reacted to the proposal.

Wal-Mart’s Public Image Problem
Reports of human rights violations have dogged Wal-Mart for years - particularly in the company’s supplier factories, most of which are overseas. These violations have thoroughly damaged Wal-Mart’s reputation, with everyone from U.S Senators to Wal-Mart employees to factory workers themselves speaking out about the inhumane conditions in Wal-Mart’s supplier factories. Bama Athreya, director of the International Labor Rights Forum, testified before Congress on the issue of toy safety, explaining that “Wal-Mart bears a lion share of responsibility for pushing the toy industry to a place where worker health and safety are basically nonexistent.”

Wal-Mart also holds the ignominious title of being the only company investigated by Human Rights Watch for its domestic labor practices. The group’s 2007 report labeled Wal-Mart’s union-busting policies a violation of basic human rights, saying:

It pursues its anti-union agenda relentlessly, often from the day a new worker is hired, devoting considerable time and resources at all levels of the company to the anti-union drumbeat.

The constant stream of allegations have damaged Wal-Mart’s reputation and in turn, its profits. In 2007, a Bank of America analyst’ report found that Wal-Mart’s profits had suffered as a result of organized labor’s opposition to the company and its unethical labor practices.  The report noted that the union’s campaign “has cost WMT [Wal-Mart] real estate sites in key locations, adversely impacted comp store sales to some degree, and has distracted m management from focusing on its retail strategy. Additionally, Lee Scott now spends a large amount of time improving WMT’s image domestically and abroad, and WMT has been forced to focus advertising dollars on defending their brand.”

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