Endnotes

Introduction

  1. Lee Scott Delivers Keynote at Executive Club Luncheon, 5/17/05, ]http://www.walmartfacts.com]
  2. “Wal-Mart growth engine still in gear,” Mike Troy, Drug Store News, 2/14/05.
  3. John Dicker, The United States of Wal-Mart, (New York: Penguin, 2005)

“Broken Promises,” Lewiston, ME

  1. Associated Press “Local, state officials welcome Wal-Mart distribution center,” 1/3/02
  2. Portland Press Herald (Maine), “How Lewiston won Wal-Mart,” 1/13/02
  3. Portland Press Herald (Maine), “How Lewiston won Wal-Mart; Inspiration, incentives snagged $45 million plum,” 1/13/02
  4. Ibid.
  5. Wal-Mart Distribution Center Job Notice [LINK TO DOCUMENT]
  6. Portland Press Herald (Maine), “How Lewiston won Wal-Mart; Inspiration, incentives snagged $45 million plum,” 1/13/02
  7. Ibid.
  8. Portland Press Herald (Maine), “Two Views On Tax Breaks For Wal-Mart,” 1/13/02
  9. Ibid.
  10. Ibid.
  11. Ibid.
  12. Portland Press Herald (Maine), “How Lewiston won Wal-Mart; Inspiration, incentives snagged $45 million plum,” 1/13/02
  13. Portland Press Herald (Maine), “Two Views On Tax Breaks For Wal-Mart,” 1/13/02
  14. Associated Press, “Lewiston Offers Multimillion Dollar Package To Lure Wal-Mart, 12/26/01
  15. Ibid
  16. Portland Press Herald (Maine), Short Take, 8/20/04
  17. Associated Press, “Distribution Center Jobs Attract Plenty Of Applicants,” 4/26/05
  18. Wal-Mart Distribution Center Job Notice [LINK TO DOCUMENT]
  19. Associated Press, “Distribution Center Jobs Attract Plenty Of Applicants,” 4/26/05

“Bait & Switch,” Cleveland, OH

  1. Plain Dealer (Cleveland), “Ordinance Would Limit Wal-Mart; Proposed Cleveland Law Targets Grocery Sales,” 1/27/105
  2. Plain Dealer (Cleveland), “City To Hold Back Wal-Mart Grocery; Steelyard Compromise Bars Expansion Before 2013,” 2/18/05; Plain Dealer (Cleveland), Wal-Mart Pulls Out Of Huge Development,” 3/1/05
  3. Keith Morris, Wal-Mart Senior Manager for Community Affairs Letter to Cleveland City Council President Frank Jackson, 2/28/05
  4. Ibid.
  5. Plain Dealer (Cleveland), Wal-Mart Pulls Out Of Huge Development,” 3/1/05
  6. Plain Dealer (Cleveland),” Cleveland To Get First Wal-Mart After All,” 5/18/05
  7. Keith Morris, Wal-Mart Senior Manager for Community Affairs Letter to Cleveland City Council President Frank Jackson, 5/17/05
  8. Ibid.
  9. Plain Dealer (Cleveland), “Ordinance Would Limit Wal-Mart; Proposed Cleveland Law Targets Grocery Sales,” 1/27/105
  10. Keith Morris, Wal-Mart Senior Manager for Community Affairs Letter to Cleveland City Council President Frank Jackson, 2/28/05; Plain Dealer (Cleveland), Wal-Mart Pulls Out Of Huge Development,” 3/1/05
  11. Plain Dealer (Cleveland),” Cleveland To Get First Wal-Mart After All,” 5/18/05

“All or Nothing,” Stoughton, WI

  1. Capital Times, “Stoughton Says Whoa To Big Boxes,” 7/23/03
  2. Alliance 53589, http://www.alliance53589.org/
  3. Capital Times, Stoughton Thwarts Wal-Mart’s Big Box Plan; Firm Wants 180,000 Square Feet, But Cap Put At 111,000,” 11/19/03
  4. Capital Times, “Stoughton Affirms Limit On Box Stores (First Edition); Stoughton Refuses To Give In To Wal-Mart (Second Edition) 12/5/03
  5. Capital Times, “Stoughton Vote A Win For Wal-Mart; Council Adopts Higher Store Size Limit, Aids Retailer,” 7/14/04
  6. Wisconsin State Journal, “City Votes To Raise Size Limit; Council Passes Store-Size Limit Increase In The Hopes Of Ending Squabbling,” 7/14/04
  7. Capital Times, “Pro-Wal-Mart Candidates Win; Stoughton Elects 4 Who Back Supercenter To Council,” 4/16/04
  8. Capital Times, “Stoughton Takes Another Step To Adding Wal-Mart; Council Ups Big Box’ Size,” 4/7/04
  9. Capital Times, “Tactics In Stoughton Resemble Old-Time Chicago Politics,” 8/12/04
  10. Ibid.
  11. Ibid.

“Divide and Conquer,” Chicago, IL

  1. Daily Southtown, “Pols Decline Wal-Mart Money,” 9/4/05
  2. Chicago Sun-Times, “Wal-Mart plans store on the West Side,” 7/29/03
  3. Chicago Tribune, “Wal-Mart Goes Dialing for Support; Phone Bank Calls Target Aldermen,” 5/26/04
  4. Registered Lobbyist List – http://egov.cityofchicago.org
  5. Wal-Mart Press Release, “Wal-Mart Announces Plans for Chicago Discount Store on City’s West Side; Store on North and Kilpatrick Avenues Could Open Spring 2005,” 7/28/03
  6. Chicago Tribune, “Wal-Mart Wages Grass-Roots Campaign To Crack Chicago; Company Taking Case For 2 Stores Into Neighborhoods,” 5/23/04
  7. Ibid.
  8. Chicago Tribune, “Chicago-Area Community Leaders, Clerics Disagree on Wal-Mart Impact,” 5/4/04
  9. Ibid.
  10. Chicago Tribune, “Wal-Mart’s West Side Plan Rings Up `No Sale’; But Panel Oks Store For Retailer On South Side,” 3/26/04
  11. The Nation, “Race to the Bottom,” 3/9/05 (3/28/05 issue)
  12. Ibid.
  13. Chicago Tribune, “Wal-Mart Goes Dialing for Support; Phone Bank Calls Target Alderman,” 5/26/04
  14. Ibid.
  15. Chicago Sun-Times, “Council Oks Austin Wal-Mart,” 5/27/04
  16. Time Magazine, “Wal-Mart’s Urban Romance; Eager to remake its image, the retailer is courting a potent but unlikely ally—black America. How one city was won over,” 9/5/05

“Strong Arm Politics,” Flagstaff, AZ

  1. Protect Flagstaff’s Future Campaign Finance Report, January 31 Report; Pre-Election Report; Post Election Report, [LINK TO DOCUMENT]
  2. Protect Flagstaff’s Future Advertisement, Appeared Arizona Daily Sun, 5/05/05; Appeared Arizona Daily Sun, 5/11/05;
  3. Wal-Mart Open Letter to the Community of Flagstaff, [http://walmartwatch.com/img/flagstaff-open-letter-large.gif]
  4. Coconino County May 2005 Special Election Final Results, http://www.coconino.az.gov/elections/may2005/prop100-1.htm
  5. Arizona Daily Sun, “Hints Of Referendum Arise For Big-Box Rule In Flagstaff, Ariz.,” 9/26/04
  6. Ibid.
  7. Associated Press, “Flagstaff Council Passes Ordinance Effectively Preventing Superstore,” 7/7/04
  8. Associated Press, “Group Takes Aim At Superstore Law,” 10/22/04
  9. Protect Flagstaff’s Future Campaign Finance Report, January 31 Report [LINK TO DOCUMENT]
  10. Arizona Daily Sun, “Fourth PAC Joins Already Crowded Big Box Fray,” 3/15/05
  11. Protect Flagstaff’s Future Advertisement, Appeared Arizona Daily Sun, 5/05/05; Appeared Arizona Daily Sun, 5/11/05; Coconino County May 2005 Special Election Final Results, http://www.coconino.az.gov/elections/may2005/prop100-1.htm
  12. Washington Post, “Wal-Mart’s Ariz. PR Executive Resigns,” 6/9/05
  13. Arizona Daily Sun , “Wal-Mart To Apologize For Nazi Book-Burning Ad Against Ordinance,” 5/14,/05
  14. Washington Post, “Wal-Mart’s Ariz. PR Executive Resigns,” 6/9/05
  15. Ibid.
  16. Wal-Mart Stores, and Protect Flagstaff’s Future Committee Letters to Anti-Defamation League, 5/13/05, http://www.adl.org/letters/walmart_apology.asp
  17. Washington Post, “Wal-Mart To Apologize For Ad In Newspaper,” 5/15/05
  18. Protect Flagstaff’s Future Campaign Finance Report, January 31 Report; Pre-Election Report; Post Election Report, [LINK TO DOCUMENT]
  19. Coconino County May 2005 Special Election Final Results, http://www.coconino.az.gov/elections/may2005/prop100-1.htm
  20. Arizona Daily Sun, “Wal-Mart Spent Triple Its Prop. 100 Foes,” 6/19/05
  21. Protect Flagstaff’s Future Committee Letter to Anti-Defamation League, 5/13/05, http://www.adl.org/letters/walmart_apology.asp

Side-Bar: “The Wal-Mart Players”

  1. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, “Wal-Mart works on selling itself It revs up PR push to polish image,” 8/7/05
  2. Washington Post, “Wal-Mart’s Ariz. PR Executive Resigns; His Office Oversaw Book-Burning Ad,” 6/9/05
  3. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, “Wal-Mart works on selling itself It revs up PR push to polish image,” 8/7/05
  4. Washington Post, “Wal-Mart’s Ariz. PR Executive Resigns; His Office Oversaw Book-Burning Ad,” 6/9/05
  5. Grocery Manufacturers Association Press Release, http://www.gmabrands.com/news/docs/NewsRelease.cfm?DocID=214&
  6. PR Week, “Wal-Mart Seeks To Improve Its Image In NY,” 7/25/05
  7. New York Times, “Foiled Once in City, Wal-Mart Turns On the Charm for S.I.,” 8/22/05
  8. Chicago Tribune, “Nobody Neutral On Wal-Mart Proposals,” 5/4/04

“Campaign Cash,” California

  1. Securities and Exchange Commission, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. form 10-K, filed March 31, 2005
  2. Los Angeles Times, “Wal-Mart CEO Takes His Case to California; He says the retailer erred in its aggressive pursuit of the crucial market but won’t back down” February 24, 2005
  3. California Secretary of State: http://cal-access.ss.ca.gov
  4. Tri-Valley Herald (Pleasanton, CA), “Language on big-box ban OK’d; Voters have last say whether to ratify measure in March” October 29, 2003
  5. Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors, Annotated Agenda, June 3, 2003
  6. The Daily Review (Hayward, CA), “All eyes focus on ‘big-box’ measure.Contra Costa County’s Measure L could have statewide ramifications,” February 24, 2004
  7. Contra Costa County Election Department
  8. Christian Science Monitor, “Wal-Mart rollout – or rollback?” December 24, 2003
  9. Los Angeles Times, “Wal-Mart Trying to Put Plan on Ballot; The retailer is seeking approval for a new store in Inglewood from the city’s voters, not its council members.” August 30, 2003.
  10. Initiative Measure to be Submitted to the Voters, 04-A, City of Inglewood
  11. Los Angeles Times, “Wal-Mart Trying to Put Plan on Ballot;” The retailer is seeking approval for a new store in Inglewood from the city’s voters, not its council members.” August 30, 2003
  12. The Wave, West Edition, “Wal-Mart Supercenters Are Targeted on Two Fronts. Coalition Files Suit To Block Company-Backed Inglewood Ballot Measure April 4,” December 25, 2003
  13. Associated Press, “Wal-Mart employs campaign-style tactics to promote its expansion,” April 26, 2004
  14. San Antonio Express-News, “Big ‘no’ to some of the big boxes lets local economies thrive,” April 11, 2004
  15. Pasadena Star-News, “Wal-Mart finds support in Rosemead,” August 17, 2004
  16. California Secretary of State: http://cal-access.ss.ca.gov
  17. Los Angeles Times, “Wal-Mart Foes Face Setback in Rosemead; Opponents of a planned Supercenter find their efforts have worked in the discounter’s favor.” December 16, 2004
  18. Ibid.
  19. San Gabriel Valley Tribune, “Court decision delays Rosemead Wal-Mart,” July 1, 2005
  20. Save Our Community v. City of Rosemead, et al,Superior Court of California, County of Los Angeles, minutes entered 4/6/05
  21. City of Turlock, Agenda Report to City Council from Michael Cook, AICP, Planning Manager, p.2, December 9, 2003
  22. California Planning & Development Report, Jan 1, 2004
  23. Wal-Mart Stores v. Turlock, CIV-F-04-5278, Eastern District of California
  24. Associated Press, “News briefs from around California,” April 10, 2005
  25. Modesto Bee, “Mere Hint Of Wal-Mart Dividing Communities Atwater Weighs In, Even Though Retail Giant Has No Plans To Build There,” April 3, 2004
  26. County of Alameda Board of Supervisors, Summary of Action Minutes, February 3, 2004 and March 30, 2004
  27. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette (Little Rock), “Wal-Mart ad blitz targeting California Retailer seeking to `set record straight’,”9/24/04

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